Optimizing the In-Vessel Composting Process of Sugarbeet Dry-Cleaning Residue

Rapid urbanization and industrialization around the world have created massive amounts of organic residues, which been prioritized for conversion into valuable resources through composting process to keep their harmful effect at a minimum. This research aimed assess influence active passive aeration on mass sugar beet residues in case using additives (e.g., charcoal only or manure combination). Some physicochemical properties were analyzed certain days composting. parameters including temperature–time profile, carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio), moisture content, electrical conductivity, pH, germination microbial population enumeration compost measured. Cress test was conducted each medium contains mixture soil (at 3:1) taken from treatment. The results showed that profile data an irregularity. Forcedly aerated did not demonstrate thermophilic phase while passively ones show mesophilic phase. Carbon (C/N) reduction greater most forcedly than 1 33 period. further conductivity decreased end period where it ranged 2.55 3.1 dS/m. Germination containing treated with combination achieved highest index higher control sample by 58.63% followed exceeded 5.35%. Strong correlation coefficient (r > 0.80) relationship between number bacteria obtained day 17th